, p. 78.
122. Freud, Origins of Psychoanalysis, p. 217.
123. Ibid., p. 129.
К главе 3
1. S. Anthony, The Discovery of Death in Childhood and After (New York: Basic Books,
1972).
2. E. Becker. The Denial of Death (New York: Free Press, 1973), p. 36.
3. Anthony, Discovery of Death, p. 155.
4. Ibid., pp. 155-56.
5. Ibid.. p. 157.
6. F. Moellenkoff. "Ideas of Children about Death", Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic
(1939)3:148-56.
7. E. Erikson, Childhood and Society (New York: W. W. Norton, 1963).
8. Anthony, Discovery of Death, pp. 78ff.
9. R. Kastenbaum R. Aisenbei-g, Psychology of Death (New York: Springer, 1972),
p. 9.
10. S. Freud, The Interpretation of Dreams, vol. IV in Standard Edition (London:
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II. R, Lapouse and M. Monk, "Fears and Worries in a Representative Sample of
Children", American Journal of Orthopsychiatry (1959) 29:803-18.
12. S. Hamson, С. Davenport, and J. McDermott, "Childrens Reactions to Be-
reavement," Archives of General Psychiatry (1967) 17:593-97.
13. Anthony, Discovery of Death: M. Nagy, "The Childs View of Death", Journal of
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14. Nagy, "Childs View of Death".
15. Anthony, Discovery of Death, p. 47-77.
16. Schilder and Wechsler, "Attitudes of Children".
17. Anthony, Discovery of Death, p. 158.
18. E. Furman, A Childs Parent Dies (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press,
1994), p. 5.
19. Anthony. Discovery of Death, p. 255.
20. J. Sully, cited in Anthony, Discovery of Death, p. 269.
21. J. Piaget, cited in Anthony, Discovery of Death, p. 56.
22. Anthony, Discovery of Death, p. 59.
23. Kastenbaum andAisenberg, Psychology of Death, p. 9.
24. Kastenbaum andAisenberg, Psychology of Death, p. 12f.
25. S. Brant, cited in Kastenbaum and Aiseiiberg, Psychology of Death, p. 14.
26. Kastenbaum andAisenberg, Psychology of Death, p. 14.
27. G. Rochlin.. Griefs and Discontents: The Focus of Change (Boston: Little, Brown,
1965), p. 67.
28. G. Rochlin, "How Younger Children View Death and Themselves", in Explain-
ing Death to Children", ed. E. Grollman (New York: Beacon Press, 1967).
29. M. Scheler, cited in J. Choron, Death and Western Thought (New York: Collier
Books, 1963), p. 17.
30. Rochlin, "How Younger Children", p. 56.
31. Ibid., pp. 84-85.
32. M. Klein, "A Contribution to the Theory of Anxiety and Guilt". International
Journal of Psychoanalysis (1948) 29:114-23.
33. К. Eissler, The Psychiatrist and the Dying Patient (New York: International Uni-
versities Press, 1959), pp. 57-58.
34. A. Freud, "Discussion of John Bowlbys Paper", Psychoanalytic Study of the Child
(1960) 15:53-62.
35. Furman, A Childs Parent Dies, p. 51.
36. Anthony, Discovery of Death, p. 139.
37. Ibid.. pp. 157-58.
38. A. Maurer, "Maturation of Concepts of Death", British Journal of Medical Psy-
chology (1964) 39:35-41.
39. M. Stern, "PavorNoctumis," International Journal ofPsychoanalysis (1951) 32:302.
40. R. White, "Motivation Reconsidered: The Concept of Competence", Psycholog-
ical Review (1959) 66:297-333.
41. Maurer, "Maturation".
42. Kastenbaum and Aisenberg, Psychology of Death, p. 29.
43. Maurer. "Maturation".
44. Macintire, Angle, and Struempler, "The Concept of Death".
45. 1. Alexander and A. Adierstein, "Affective Responses to the Concept of Death in
a Population of Children and Early Adolescents", Journal of Genetic Psychology (1958)
93:167-77.
46. Nagy, "Childs View of Death".
47. S. Hostler. "The Development of the Childs Concept of Death," in The Child
and Death, ed. 0. J. Sahler (St. Louis, Mo.: C. V. Mosby, 1978), p. 9.
48. E. Jaques, "Death and the Mid-Life Crisis", International Journal of Psychoanal-
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49. J. Masserman, The Practice of Dynamic Psychiatry (Philadelphia and London:
W. B. Saunders, 1955), p. 467.
50. V. Franki, oral communication, 1974.
51. Anthony, Discovery of Death, p. 154.
52. Ibid., p. 155.
53. Schilder and Wechsler, "Attitudes of Children".
54. Anthony, Discovery of Death, p. 155.
55. Ibid., p. 257.
56. Schilder and Wechsler, "Attitudes of Children".
57. Nagy. "Childs View of Death".
58. Koocher. "Talking with Children".
59. 1. Opie, The Love and Language of School Children (Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1959).
60. Maurer, "Maturation".
61. J. Bowlby, Attachment and Loss, vol. II: Separation (New York: Basic Books, 1973).
62. A. Jersild and F. Holmes. Childrens Fears (New York: Teachers College, Co-
lumbia University. 1935): and A. Jersild, "Studies of Childrens Fears," in Child Behav-
ior and Development, eds., R. Barker, J. Kounin, and H, Wright (New York, London:
McGraw-Hill, 1943).
63. Bowlby, Attachment and Loss, pp. 105-IS.
64. R. May. The Meaning of Anxiety (New York: W. W. Norton. 1977) pp. 105-9.
65. Ibid., pp. 107-8
66. Klein. "A Contribution": and D. Winnicott. The Maturational Process and the
Facilitating Environment (New Yolk: International Universities Press. 1965), p. 41.
67. A. Freud, "Discussion".
68. Anthony. Discovery of Death, p. 161.
69. С. WalU. "The Fear of Death", in The Meaning of Death, ed. H. Feifel (New
York: McGraw-Hill. 1959). pp. 214-23.
70. S. Freud. An Outline of Psycho-Analysis, vol. XXIII, in Standard Edition (Lon-
don: Hogarth Press, 1964: originally published 1940), p. 185.
71. S. Rosenzweig. and D. Bray. "Sibling Death in Anamneses ofSchizophrenic
Patients." Psychoanalytic Review (1942) 49:71-92; and S. Rosenzweig, "Sibling Death as
a Psychological Experience with Special Reference to Schizophrenia," Psychoanalytic Re-
view (1943) 30:177-86.
72. Rosensweig. "Sibling Death".
73. Ibid.
74. H. Searles, "Schizophrenia and the Inevitability of Death", Psychiatric Quarterly
(1961) 35:631-55.
75. J. Hilgard, M. Newman. and F. Fisk, "Strength of Adult Ego Following Child-
hood Bereavement". American Journal of Orthopsychiatry (1960) 30:788-98.
76. Furman. A Childs Parent Dies. Bowlby. Attachment and Loss, R. Furman, "Death
and the Young Child". Psychoanalytic Study ofthe Child (1964) 29:321-33; and R. Zeiigs,
Childrens Experience with Death (Springfield, III.: C. C. Thomas. 1974), pp. 1-49.
77. Maurer. "Maturation".
78. Macintire, Angle, and Struempler. "The Concept of Death": F. Brown, "De-
pression and Childhood Bereavement". Journal of Mental Science (1961) 107:754-77; 1.
Gregory, "Studies in Parental Deprivation in Psychiatric Patients", American Journal of
Psychiatry (1958)115:432-42: G. Pollack. "Childhood Parent and Sibling Loss in Adull
Patients". Archives of General Psychiatry (October 1962) 7:295-305: and H. Barry and
E. Lindeman, "Critical Ages for Maternal Bereavement in Psychoneuroses", Psychoso-
matic Medicine (1960) 22:166-81.
79. J. Hilgard and M. Newman, "Evidence for Functional Genesis in Mental Illness:
Schizophrenia, Depressive Psychoses and Psychoneurosis", Journal of Nervous and Mental
Disease (1961) 132:3-6.
80. M. Breckenridge and E. Vincent, Child Development, ed. W. B. Saunders, 4th
ed. (Philadelphia, Pa.: W. B. Saunders 1960). p. 138.
81. E. Kubler-Ross, address at Stanford Medical School, May 1978.
82. S. Ferenezi, cited in Anthony, Discovery of Death, p. 157.
83. Anthony, Discovery of Death, p. 159.
84. J. Bruner. cited in H. Galen, "A Matter of Life and Death", Young Children
(August 1972) 27:351-56.
85. Galen, "A Matter of Life".
86. Rochlin, "How Younger Children", p. 63.
К главе 4
1. S. Kierkegaard, cited in E. Becker. The Denial of Death (New York: Free Press,
1973), p. 70.
2. 0. Rank, mil Therapy and Truth and Reality (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1945),
p. 126.
3. P. Tillich, The Courage to Be (New Haven and London: Yale University Press,
1952). p. 66.
4. Becker, Denial of Death, p. 66.
5. R. Liflon, "The Sense of Immortality: On Death and the Continuity of Life," in
Explorations of Psychohisfory, eds. R. Lifton and E. Olson (New York: Simon Schuet-
er, 1974), p. 282
6. L. Loesser and T. Biy. "The Role of Death Fears in tire Etiology of Phobic Anx-
iety", International Journal of Group Psychotherapy (1960) 10:287-97.
7. Rank. Will Therapy, p. 124.
8. E. Fromm. Escape from Freedom (New York: Holt, Rinehart Winston, 1941),
p. 6.
9. L. Tolstoy, The Death of Ivan llych and Other Stories (New York: Signet Classics
1960) pp. 131-32.
10. R. Frost, In the Clearing (New York: Holt, Rinehart Winston, 1962). p. 39.
II. N. Kazantzakis. Report to Greco, trans. P. A. Bien (New York: Simon Schuster
1965), p. 457.
12. N. Kazantzakis, The Odyssey: A Modem Sequel, trans. Kimon Friar (New York:
Simon Schuster, 1958).
13. С. Baker, Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story (New York: Charles Scribner, 1969),
p. 5.
14. E. Hemingway. The Old Man and the Sea (New York: Charles Scribner, 1961).
15. С. Wahl. "Suicide as a Magical Act". Bulletin of Menninger Clinic, (May 1957)
21:91-98.
16. F. Kluckholm and F. Stroedbeck. Variations in Value Orientations (New York:
Harper Row, 1961). p. 15.
17. J. M. Keynes, cited in Norman Brown, Life Against Death (New York: Vintage
Books. 1959). p. 107.
18. L. Tolstoy, Anna Karenina (New York: Modern Library, 1950).
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