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37. Dyer, Your Erroneous Zones, pp. 194-196.
38. Ibid,, pp. 214-215.
39. A. Lazarus and A. Fay, / Can If I Want To (New York: William Morrow, 1975).
40. N. Lande. Mindstyles Lifestyles (Los Angeles: Price, Stern, Sloan, 1976), pp.
135-46.
41. A. Bry. EST- 60 Hours That Transform Your Life (New York: Harper Row,
1976), pp. 49-50.
42. Ibid., p. 53.
43. L. Rhinehart. The Book of EST (New York: Holt, Rinehart . Winston, 1976),
pp. 142-44.
44. Bry. EST. p. 59.
45. Rhinehart, The Book of EST, pp. 144-45.
46. Bry, EST. p. 61.
47. Ibid., pp. 71.
48. Ibid.. p. 72-73.
49. Ibid.. p. 73.
50. Ibid., p. 72.
51. Ibid., p. 76.
52. Ibid., pp. 72-73.
53. Ibid., p. 128.
54. Ibid., p. 129.
55. S. Fenwick, Getting It: The Psychology ofST (New York: J. P. Lippincott., 1976),
p. 181.
56. R. Ryckman and M. Sherman, "Relationship between Self-Esteem and Inter-
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Reports (1971) 29:784-87.
57. D. Kilpatrick, W. Dubin, and D. Marcotte, "Personality, Stress of the Medical
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58. F. Melgas and A. Weisz. "The Personal Future and Suicidal Ideation", Journal of
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59. J. Rotter, "Generalized Expectancies for Internal vs. External Control of Rein-
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60. J. Easteibrook, The Determinants of Free Wil! (New York; Academic Press, 1978),
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61. M. Harrow and A. Ferrante, "Locus of Control in Psychiatric Patients", Journal
ofConsulting and Clinical Psychology (1969) 33:582-89: and R. Cromwell, "Description
of Parental Behavior in Schizophrenic and Normal Subjects", Journal of Personality (1961)
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62. J. Shybutt, "Time Perspective, Internal vs. External Control and Severity of Psy-
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M. Pryor, and M. Distefano. "Internal-External Control and Severity Emotional Impair-
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63. С. Fersten, "A Functional Analysis of Depression", American Psychologist (1973)
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64. M. Seligman, Helplessness: On Depression, Development and Death (San Francisco:
W. H. Freeman, 1975).
65. M. Seligman and S. Maier, "Failure of Escape Traumatic Shock", Journal of
Experimental Psychology (1967) 74:1-9; and J. Overmier and M. Seligman, "Effects of
Inescapable Shock upon Subsequent Escape", Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psy-
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66. D. Hiroto, "Locus of Control and Learned Helplessness". Journal of Experimental
Psychology (1974) 102:187-93.
67. D. Hiroto and M. Seligman. "Generality of Learned Helplessness in Man", Journal
of Personality of Social Psychology (1975) 31:311-27.
68. D. Klein and M. Seligman. "Reversal of Performance Deficits and Perceptual
Deficits in Learned Helplessness and Depression", Journal of Mnorma! Psychology (1976)
85:11-26.
69. W. Miller and M. Seligman, "Depression and the Perception of Reinforcement",
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70. Abramson and Sackeim, "A Paradox"
71. A. Beck. Depression: Clinical, Experimental and Theoretical Aspects (New York:
Harper Row, 1967).
72. Abramson and Sackeim, "A Paradox".
73. Lefcourt, Locus of Control, pp. 96-109: and J. Phares, Locus of Control in Per-
sonality (Morristown, N.).: General Learning Press, 1976), pp. 144-56.
74. Phares, Locus of Control: and C. Crandall, W. Katkovsky, and V. Crandall,
"Childrens Beliefs in Their Own Control of Reinforcement in Intellectual-Academic Situ-
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75. J. Gillis and R. Jessor, "Effects of Brief Psychotherapy on Belief in Internal Con-
trol", Psychotherapy: Research and Practice (1970) 7:135-37.
76. P. Dua, "Comparison of the Effects ofBehaviorally Oriented Action and Psycho-
therapy Reeducation on Intraversion-Extraversion, Emotionality, and Internal vs. Exter-
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77. S. Nowick and J. Bernes, "Effects of a Structured Camp Experience on Locus of
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78. M. Foulds, "Change in Locus of Internal-External Control," Comparative Group
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Change in Perceived Locus of Control", Journal of College Student Personnel (1974) 15:8-
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79. 1. Yalom, Theory and Practice of Group Psychotherapy (New York: Basic Books,
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80. D. York and C. Eisman, unpublished study.
81. J. Dreyer, University of West Virginia, unpublished study.
82. M. Lieberman, N. Solow, G. Bond. and J. Reibstein, "The Psychotherapeutic
Impact of Womens Consciousness-raising Groups", Archives of General Psychology (1979)
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83. L. Horowitz, "On the Cognitive Structure of Interpersonal Problems Treated in
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84. G. Helweg, cited in J. Phares, Locus of Control, p. 169.
85. R. Jacobsen. cited in Phares. Locus of Control, p. 169.
86. К. Wilson, cited in Phares, Locus of Control, pp. 169-70.
87. M. Lieberman, 1. Yalom, and M. Miles, Encounter Groups: Firsi Facts (New York:
Basic Books, 1973).
88. В. Skinner, cited in A. Bandura, Social Learning Theory (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.;
Prentice Hall, 1977), p. 203.
89. L. Binswanger, Sigmund Freud: Reminiscences of a Friendship, trans. N. Guter-
man, (New York: Grune Stratton, 1957) p. 90.
90. A. Bandura, "Presidential Address", delivered at the meeting of the American
Psychological Association, New Orleans. August 1974.
91. lbid.;andA. Bandura. "The Self System in Reciprocal Determinism", American
Psychologist (1978) 33(4):344-58.
92. Bandura, "Presidential Address", p. 633.
93. Epictetus, cited in H. Arendt, Willing-The Life of the Mind, vol. II (New York:
Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1978) p. 29.
94. Sartre, Being and Nothingness, p. 629.
95. S. Freud, The Psychopathology of Everyday Life, vol. VI in Standard Edition (Lon-
don: Hogarth Press, 1960; originally published 1901), pp. 178-88.
96. 0. Simonton, S. Matthews-Simonton, and J. Crieghton, Getting Well Again (Los
Angeles: J. P. Tarcher, 1978).
97. 1. Yalom and C. Greaves, "Group Therapy with the Terminally III", American
Journal of Psychiatry, (1977) 134(4):396-400; and D. Spiegel and 1. Yalom, "Cancer
Group", International Journal of Group Psychotherapy (1978) 28(2):233-45.
98. 1. Janis, Psychological Stress (New York: John Wiley. 1958).
99. V. Franki, oral communication, 1972.
100. Yalom and Greaves, "Group Therapy"; and Spiegel and Yalom, "Cancer Group".
101. S. Freud, "New Introductory Lectures on. Psychoanalysis", vol. XXII in Stan-
dard Edition (London: Hogarth Press, 1964; originally published 1933), p. 66.
102. M. Buber. "Guilt and Guilt Feelings", Psychiatry (1957) 20:114-29.
103. M. Heidegger, Being and Time, trans. J. Macquarrie and E. Robinson (New
York-Harper Row, 1962), p. 327.
104. Ibid., p. 329.
105. Ibid., p. 330.
106. P. Tillich, The Courage to Be (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1952)
p. 52.
107. S. Kierkegaard, The Sickness Unto Death (New York: Doubleday, 1941), pp.
186-87.
108. M. Friedman, introduction to M. Buber, Between Man and Man (New York:
MacmiUan, 1965), p. xix.
109. 0. Rank, Will Therapy and Truth and Reality (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1945).
110. R. May, ed., Existential Psychology (New York: Random House, 1969), p. 19.
III. R. May, Art of Counseling (Nashville, Tenn.: Abingdon Press, Apex Books, 1967),
p. 70.
112. R. May, E. Angel, and H. EUenberger, eds., Existence (New York: Basic Books,
1958), p. 52.
113. A. Maslow, Toward a Psychology of Being (Princeton, N.J.: D. Van Nostrand,
1962), p. 5.
114. M. Buber, The Knowledge of Man (New York: Harper Row, 1965), pp. 121-
48.
115. G. Murphy, Human Potentialities (New York: Basic Books, 1958).
116. E. Fromm, Man for Himself (tew York: Rinehart, 1947).
117. С. Buhler, "Maturation and Motivation", Dialectica (1951) 5:312-61.
118. G. AUport, Becoming (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1955).
119. С. Rogers, On Becoming a Person (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1961).
120. С. Jung, Modern Man in Search of a Soul (New York: Harcourt, 1933).
121. Maslow, Psychology of Being, pp. 19-41.
122. К. Homey, Neurosis and Human Growth (New York: W. W. Norton, 1950).
123. Ibid., p. 17.
124. Maslow, Psychology of Being, pp. 3-4.
125.). S. Mill, cited in Arendt, Willing, p. 9.
126. St. Augustine, cited in Arendt, Willing, p. 98.
127. F. Kafka, Tagebucher 1910-1923 (Germany: S. Fischer Verlag; New York:
Schocken, 1948), p. 350.
128. F. Kafka, The Trial (New York: Modem Library, Random House, 1956), pp.
247-78.
129. J. Heuscher, "Inauthenticity, Flight from Freedom, Despair," American Jour-
nal ofPsychoanatysis (1976) 36:
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